U Rwanda ruri mu bihe byo kwizihiza isabukuru y’imyaka 100 ishize hatangijwe bwa mbere Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga yabaye iya mbere mu kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ku Mugabane wa Afruka, kuri ubu ikaba yaranditswe mu murage w’Isi.

Amateka agaragaza ko mu mwaka wa 1925 ari bwo muri Afurika hatangijwe Pariki ya mbere y’Ibirunga, igirwa kamwe mu duce tw’ingenzi ku Isi mu kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima.

Iyi sabukuru y’ikinyejana irahurirana kandi n’isabukuru y’imyaka 25 y’ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku ngagi, ndetse n’imyaka 20 y’umuhango wo Kwita Izina, wamenyekanye ku Isi yose wo kwita amazina abana b’ingagi zo mu misozi miremire y’Ibirunga.

Praveen Moman, washinze Volcanoes Safaris, kompanyi itwara mu modoka ba mukerarugendo, ni umwe mu bagiye babona ibice bitandukanye by’uru rugendo rw’iterambere ry’u Rwanda, ndetse akaba ari mu bise izina ingagi imwe mu zahawe izina bwa mbere mu muhango wo Kwita Izina mu 2005.

Yagize ati: “Uyu ni umwaka w’amateka akomeye mu kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima.”

Iyi minsi mikuru igaragaza inkuru ikomeye y’impinduka mu iterambere mu Karere gakomeje  kumenyekana kubera intambara n’amacakubiri. 

Kugeza ubu kubera u Rwanda, aka Karere kagaragara nk’icyitegererezo mu kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ubukerarugendo buyobowe n’abaturage, no mu iterambere rirambye rishingiye ku kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Urugendo rw’u Rwanda mu kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima

Ku wa 21 Mata 1925, hashinzwe Pariki ya Albert (Albert National Park) mu yahoze ari Congo Mbiligi (ubu ni Repubulika Ihanaranira Demokarasi ya Congo), iba Pariki ya mbere muri Afurika, yashinzwe hagamijwe kurinda imisozi ya Virunga, aho ingagi zo mu misozi zikunze kwibera.

Mu 1929, iyo pariki yaraguwe kugira ngo irinde n’igice cya Virunga giherereye mu Rwanda, bituma uruhererekane rw’imisozi ya Virunga ruba rumwe mu duce dufite agaciro kanini mu kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ku mugabane wa Afurika.

Igihe Congo yabonaga ubwigenge ikitwa Zaïre mu 1962, Pariki ya Albert (Albert National Park) yahinduriwe izina yitwa Pariki ya Virunga (Virunga National Park). 

Hashize imyaka irindwi, mu 1969, igice cy’iyo pariki giherereye mu Rwanda cyahawe izina ryemewe ku mugaragaro rya Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga (Volcanoes National Park).

Ni muri icyo gihe kandi Umunyamerika akaba n’impuguke mu kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima Dian Fossey wahimbwe Nyiramacibiri, yashinze Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi cya Karisoke (Karisoke Research Center) mu 1967, atangira kwiga no kwandika ku myitwarire y’ingagi. 

Ni umushakashatsi waharaniye kurwanya ba rushimusi b’ingagi, akora ubukangurambaga mu baturage bwo kurinda izo nyamaswa, anashaka abarinzi ba pariki (rangers) kugira ngo zirindwe.

Praveen Moman yabwiye ikinyamakuru Forbes ati: “Dian Fossey ntiyashakaga kwishimisha mu bukerarugendo ariko imishinga yemewe y’ubukerarugendo yatangiye mu myaka ya 1980.” 

Iyo mishinga yaje gukomwa mu nkokora n’intambara zabaye mu Karere harimo na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, yakurikiwe n’Intambara ya Congo, aho byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku bihugu byombi, ku ngagi no ku bidukikije muri rusange.

Uyu munsi nyuma y’imyaka 31, u Rwanda rwubatse uruhererekane rw’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima rukunzwe ku Isi kandi rucungiwe umutekano mu buryo buhambaye. 

Kugeza ubu basura ingagi zo mu misozi, Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga yakira abantu nibira 96 ku munsi basura imiryango yazo itandukanye. 

Buri tsinda ry’abasura riba rigizwe n’abantu batarenga umunani, bamarayo ighe cy’isaha, kandi bakaba basura izo ngagi bashyizemo intera ya metero nibura zirindwi. 

Amadovize yinjizwa n’izo ngagi afasha mu iterambere ry’Igihugu kugeza no ku baturage baturiye Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga bahabwa 10% by’ayinjiye buri mwaka. 

Hatoranywa imishinga y’inyungu rusange ishorwamo ayo madovize ikagirira abaturage akamaro mu buryo buhoraho kandi burambye, bikozwe ku bufatanye bwa Leta n’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye. 

Imishinga itoranywa ikubiyemo kubakirwa amashuri, ibigo nderabuzima, kugezwaho ibikorwa by’isuku n’isukura, ndetse na gahunda z’iterambere zirushaho kubaka umubano mwiza w’abantu n’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima. 

Ba uwa mbere mu kumenya amakuru agezweho!!!