Inzego zifite aho zihuriye n’Uburezi mu Rwanda zahuriye mu nama igamije kumva ibitekerezo by’abafatanyabikorwa nyuma yo gusobanurirwa raporo y’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w’Ubukungu, Ubufatanye n’Iterambere (OECD) ku bijyanye na gahunda mpuzamahanga yo gusuzuma ubumenyi n’ubushobozi by’abanyeshuri (PISA).

Abitabiriye iyi nama baragezwaho raporo ya PISA 2025, uburyo isesengurwa n’uko itegurwa, baraganira ku byitezwe mu cyiciro cyo gutegura raporo ku rwego rw’Igihugu; gukusanya ibitekerezo by’abafatanyabikorwa kugira ngo bifashe mu gusesengura no gusobanura amakuru ya PISA no kugaragaza ibibazo by’ingenzi bya politiki n’ibyibanze bizitabwaho mu gutegura raporo ku rwego rw’Igihugu.

Gahunda y’isuzuma ry’ubumenyi n’ubushobozi by’abanyeshuri, yatangiye mu 1997, ikizamini cya mbere gitangwa mu 2000. Ikizamini kiba mu myaka 3 aho ibihugu 91 ari byo byitabira gukora iri suzuma.

Umuyobozi Mukuru wungirije w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ibizamini n’Ubugenzuzi bw’Amashuri (NESA), Carlène Seconde Umutoni, agaragaza ko PISA imaze kuba inshuro Icyenda ku Isi.

Isuzuma mpuzamahanga ryiswe PISA, rikorwa n’abanyeshuri bafite imyaka 15. PISA ikoreshwa mu kuzamura uburezi kuko havamo amakuru yingenzi.

Guhera mu 2000 ibihugu 32 ni byo byatangiye bikora PISA, ubu ni 91. Bakora indimi, gusoma, imibare na siyansi.

Agira ati: “Igituma PISA iba umwihariko ni uburyo iteguye, imitegurire yayo itandukanye n’iyo igihugu kiba gisanzwe gikoresha. Ibasha guhuza ibivuye mu masuzuma na politiki y’uburezi cyangwa n’ibyashobowe mu burezi uko bingana. Ntibabaza ibyo ibyo umwana yafashe mu mutwe ahubwo abazwa ibyo yumvise.”

PISA ikorwa mu byiciro bibiri birimo icyiciro cy’igerageza ndetse n’icyiciro cy’isuzuma nyirizina.

Ubuyobozi bwa NESA buvuga ko urugendo rw’isuzuma mpuzamahanga rw’abanyeshuri PISA, u Rwanda rwaritangiye mu 2022.

Buvuga ko mu myiteguro yaryo hari ibikorwa byagombaga gukorwa, ubu u Rwanda rugeze kure ku buryo mu kwezi kwa Nzeri 2026, ibyavuye muri iri suzuma bizagaragarizwa Isi n’Abanyarwanda.

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa NESA, Dr. Bahati Bernard, agira ati: “Icyiciro tugezemo ni ingenzi, abana bakoze isuzuma ibyavuyemo birimo gutunganywa, aho tugeze ni ugukora isesengura ry’ibyavuyemo.”

Atangiza iyi nama kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki 23 Gashyantare, yavuze ko harimo gukusanywa ibitekerezo byo mu burezi n’ibibazo birimo, agasaba buri wese gutanga ibitekerezo bizafasha gukora isesengura bityo ibiri muri PIZA bikazabafasha gukemura ibyo bibazo biri mu burezi.

Ibihugu 41 by’I Burayi n ibyo bimaze gukora PISA, ibihugu 20 byo muri Azia n’ibindi 15 byo muri Amerika na byo byakoze PISA.

Ubuyobozi bwa NESA buvuga ko irushanwa rya PISA rizafasha kumenya aho u Rwanda rugeze no kureba icyahindurwa mu myaka 3 ariko hagamijwe kureba aho rushaka kugera.

Ababashije gukora isuzuma rya PISA mu Rwanda, harimo amashuri 18 mu bigo by’amashuri yigenga, Ibigo 2 by’amashuri mpuzamahanga, ibigo 81 by’amashuri ya Leta n’ibindi 112 by’amashuri afashwe na Leta. 

Amashuri yitabira PISA ni 213. Amashuri 164 muri yo angana na 77.0% ni ayo mu cyaro naho amashuri 49 angana na 23.0% ni ayo mu Mujyi.

NESA igaragaza ko abana bose mu Rwanda bagomba kurangiza kwiga bafite urwego rw’ubushobozi rungana.

Buvuga ko mu gusesengura amakuru ava muri PISA, hifashishwa abafatanyabikorwa benshi hagamijwe kureba ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya PISA kuko biri mu bushobozi bw’igihugu kandi hakitabwa no ku bana bafite ubumuga.  

DR. Bahati, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa NESA, avuga ko mu gitabo kirimo ingamba z’uburezi mu myaka itanu, ESSP 2024-2029, harimo kugeza uburezi kuri bose, gutanga uburezi bufite ireme, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu burezi, abana b’abakobwa n’abafite ubumuga kwiga biri mu ntego y’uburezi mu myaka itanu.

Akomeza agira ati: “Uko bihagaze ubu ku bana bagomba gutangira ishuri turacyari muri 44.7% mu mashuri y’inshuke, abana 95% bagomba gutangira ishuri, baragenda ariko mu mashuri yisumbuye biracyari ikibazo.

Iyo tudafite abana bose biga bigira ingaruka ku bazakora PISA, aha rero ikibazo gihari ni uko tugifite ikibazo ku bana bajya kwiga mu mashuri yisumbuye.”

Agaragaza ko hakiri ikibazo cy’abana bata ishuri ndetse n’abana basibira. Intego ni uko bizagera mu 2029 byakemutse. Ku kibazo cy’abana benshi basibira, gahunda ya NESA ni uko muri ESSP imibare izaba iri 15%.

Ikindi kibazo NESA igaragaza, ni icy’abana 43% barangiza amashuri abanza, ni ukuvuga abana bose baba baratangiye umwaka wa mbere.

Abanyeshuri barangiriza ku gihe ku myaka ya nyayo ni 13.1%. Ati: “Ku barangiza umwaka wa Gatandatu w’amashuri abanza, tukaba dushaka ko uwo mubare wiyongera.”

PISA ibaza ibibazo byinshi, harimo n’ibijyanye n’isibira ry’abana b’Abanyarwanda, hakarebwa uko abana bimuka bava mu mwaka umwe bajya mu wundi.

PISA irebana n’uburezi bw’igihugu

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa NESA, Dr. Bahati, avuga ko indi ntego NESA ishaka gukora muri iyi myaka itanu, 2024-2029, ari ukureba umubare w’abana bari mu ishuri.

Ibi bijyana no kuba PISA inabaza muri rusange uko ubucucike buhagaze mu ishuri. Ikibazo ntikibazwa mu isuzuma ry’abanyeshuri, ahubwo habazwa n’umusaruro w’abana.

Ikindi harebwa ku barimu niba barize ubwarimu. Iki ni ikindi kigaragaza umusaruro w’abanyeshuri babona, niba hari n’uburyo bubafasha kwigisha neza.

Ati: “Dufite intego ko mu mashuri, nibura abanyeshuri 30 ku mwarimu umwe. Abarimu 4% ni bo bari bafite ubumenyi mu cyongereza kugira ngo babe bakigishamo.”

PISA ibaza umubare w’abarimu, umubare w’abanyeshuri yigisha, ibyo bigafasha mu kuzasobanukirwa ibizava muri PISA.

Ati: “Ibyo abana biga babyumva bate, bagera ku ntego zigamijwe gute, ubumenyi dushaka ko bagira bwifashe bute, aha naho ntituragera aho dushaka kugera.”

Mu 2023, abana bageze mu mwaka wa Gatatu bari 42.7% mu kugira ubumenyi mu cyongereza. NESA ishaka ko nibura bazagera kuri 75% mu 2029.

Hari aho babaza niba umwana afite imbogamizi zituma batiga, icyakoze ngo ntaho PISA igaragaza ko hari aho abo bana bafashwa by’umwihariko, uretse ko mu Rwanda hafashwe umubare muto ku buryo byaherwaho hafatwa umwanzuro.

Ubuyobozi bwa NESA butangaza bufite intego yuko nibura mu 2029 amashuri 66 azaba yagejejwemo mudasobwa z’abarimu, interineti n’amashuri y’icyitegererezo bizaba byarazamutse.

Ibibazo bindi birenze isuzuma habazwa niba abana bakoresha ikoranabuhanga ku ishuri no guha amahirwe abana bose; abakobwa n’abahungu no kureba uburyo abana bava mu cyiciro kimwe bajya mu kindi.

Abarimu batize uburezi mu mashuri y’inshuke n’abanza, Dr. bahati avuga ko bahawe amahugurwa kandi bayarangije, muri make PISA inabaza ku bijyanye n’abarimu.

Amafoto: Olivier Tuyisenge

Ba uwa mbere mu kumenya amakuru agezweho!!!