Impunzi z’Abanyekongo ziba mu nkambi ya Kiziba mu Karere ka Karongi, zivuga ko gahunda za Leta y’u Rwanda zigamije guteza imbere kwigira kwazo (self-reliance) zabafashije kwihanganira igabanyuka ry’inkunga z’ubutabazi zitangwa n’amahanga, bigabanya ingaruka z’izo mpinduka yatangiye mu 2023.

Iyo nkunga iri mu murongo mugari wa Leta wo gufasha impunzi kwihangira imirimo irambye ibafasha kwibeshaho, mu gihe inkunga y’amafaranga yatangwaga n’abafatanyabikorwa mu iterambere igenda igabanyuka, no kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku mfashanyo mu gihe kirekire.

Mu 2023 ni bwo inkunga yatangwaga n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Mpunzi (UNHCR) n’Ishami ryita ku Biribwa ku Isi (WFP) yagabanyijwe.

Inkunga ya buri kwezi yaragabanyutse iva ku 8 600 Frw igera ku 5 600 Frw ku mpunzi zo mu cyiciro cya mbere, iva ku 5 600 Frw igera ku 2 800 Frw ku zo mu cyiciro cya kabiri, naho ku mpunzi zo mu cyiciro cya gatatu zafatwaga nk’izishoboye kwibeshaho, inkunga irahagarikwa burundu.

Impunzi zivuga ko iri gabanyuka ryagize ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho yazo, zikavuga ko n’iyo nkunga ubundi yari isanzwe idahagije mu kuzuza ibikenerwa by’ibanze.

Umukozi ushinzwe kurengera impunzi muri Minisiteri ishinzwe Ibikorwa by’Ubutabazi (MINEMA), Muhayemariya Adrie, yavuze ko Leta yashyize imbaraga mu kongera gahunda zigamije guteza imbere impunzi kugira ngo zibesheho.

Yagize ati: “Gahunda ya Leta yo gufasha abantu kwigira iri gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu nkambi ya Kiziba hagamijwe gukura impunzi mu bukene.”

Inkambi ya Kiziba icumbikiye impunzi z’Abanyekongo zirenga 14 000 mu zisaga 130 000 zicumbikiwe mu nkambi zitandukanye mu Rwanda, benshi muri bo bahungiye mu Rwanda kuva mu mwaka wa 1996.

Mu rwego rwo gufasha impunzi kubona amikoro, MINEMA ku bufatanye n’imiryango irimo Practical Action n’Ikigo cy’u Budage gishinzwe ubufatanye mpuzamahanga (GIZ), yahuje impunzi n’abatanga ibikoresho bitangiza ibidukikije birimo imashini zidoda, firigo, televiziyo n’amatara akoresha imirasire y’izuba n’ibindi.

Ibyo bikoresho bitangwa ku giciro gito kiriho nkunganire gifasha impunzi gutangiza cyangwa kwagura imishinga mito iciriritse.

Umwe mu bungukiye muri iyi gahunda witwa Umwiza Chantal, yabonye firigo ikoresha imirasire y’izuba ifite agaciro ka miliyoni 2.6 Frw, ayishyura mu byiciro.

Yavuze ko iyo firigo yamufashije gukurura abakiliya benshi mu kabari ke.

Yagize ati: “Natangiye n’igishoro cya 100 000 Frw, ubu kigeze kuri 400 000 Frw. Imibereho iragenda irushaho kuba myiza.”

Ku ruhande rwa Muberarugo Beatrice, igabanyuka ry’inkunga ryatumye umuryango we utakaza inkunga ya buri kwezi ya 21 000 Frw.

Yavuze ko ubuzima bwari bugoye kugeza ubwo yabonye imashini itunganya imyumbati ifite agaciro ka 60 000 Frw, akaba yarayiguze ku giciro kiriho nkunganire  cya 25 000 Frw, anubakirwa n’igikoni gifite umuriro w’amashanyarazi.

Yagize ati: “Ubu nshobora kwakira abakiliya batanu ku munsi, buri wese anyishyura 4 000 Frw. Mbere abantu bagombaga kujya ku Kibuye gushaka ifu y’imyumbati kuko mu nkambi nta muriro w’amashanyarazi wari uhari.”

Umuyobozi w’Inkambi ya Kiziba Nsengamungu Albert Methode, yavuze ko guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo byagize uruhare runini mu gufasha impunzi kwiteza imbere mu mibereho yazo.

Yagize ati: “Amashanyarazi, umuhanda wa kaburimbo wageze mu nkambi, n’izindi serivisi, ni umusaruro w’ubuyobozi bw’Igihugu cyabacumbikiye, bwita ku mutekano kandi bugagaragaza ubumuntu.”

Ushinzwe gukurikirana imishinga muri Practical Action Muhire Evariste, yavuze ko ibikorwa by’uyu muryango byayobowe n’ihame ryo gushyigikira iterambere ridaheza.

Yagize ati: “Ntibyaba bikwiye ko iterambere rigera ku Banyarwanda gusa, mu gihe impunzi zisigara inyuma.”

Nk’uko Muhire yabivuze, uwo muryango wamaze kugeza amashanyarazi ku ngo zirenga 900, ugenera ingo 1 411 amashyiga atangiza ibidukikije, ndetse unafasha abagore 70 gutangiza imishinga, babaha ibikoresho birimo firigo, imashini zo kogosha no gutunganya imisatsi, ndetse na televiziyo zikoresha imirasire y’izuba.

Uretse mu nkambi ya Kiziba, u Rwanda rukomeje kwagura gahunda zo kwinjiza impunzi mu bikorwa by’iterambere mu gihugu hose.

UNHCR na Banki Nyafurika Itsura Amajyambere (AfDB) bafitanye Gahunda Ihuriweho y’Ibikorwa by’Igihugu ya 2025-2027, igamije kongerera impunzi ubushobozi bwo kwigira no kuzinjiza mu nzego zitandukanye z’iterambere mu byiciro bitanu by’ingenzi, birimo ingufu, guteka hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ritangiza ibidukikije no kubona amashanyarazi yo ku muyoboro rusange w’Igihugu.

Kugeza muri Nzeri 2024, u Rwanda rwari rucumbikiye impunzi zirenga 130 000, inyinshi muri zo zituye mu nkambi eshanu z’ingenzi ari zo Kiziba, Nyabiheke, Kigeme, Mugombwa na Mahama, zimwe zikaba zimaze hafi imyaka 30 zihaba.

Gahunda ziyobowe na Leta zirimo umushinga wa miliyoni 80 z’amadolari y’Amerika wo Kwinjiza mu Bukungu no mu Mibereho Imiryango y’Impunzi n’iy’Abaturage bazicumbikiye (SEIRHC), uzwi nka Jya Mbere, ziteza imbere kwihangira imirimo, amakoperative n’imishinga mito iciriritse ku mpunzi n’abaturage bazituriye.

Hari kandi gahunda ya Financial Inclusion for Refugees (FI4R) igamije kwagura uburyo impunzi zigera kuri serivisi za banki, inguzanyo z’ikoranabuhanga n’ubumenyi mu by’imari ku mpunzi zigera ku 100 000.

U Rwanda kandi rwinjije impunzi mu nzego z’igihugu zitandukanye zirimo uburezi, ubuvuzi n’ubwiteganyirize bw’imibereho, bishingiye ku Masezerano Mpuzamahanga yo mu 1951 yerekeye impunzi.

Abana b’impunzi biga mu mashuri ya Leta, naho impunzi zikaba zibarizwa muri gahunda y’ubwisungane mu kwivuza (Mutuelle de Santé/MUSA).

Binyuze muri izi gahunda, inzego zibishinzwe zivuga ko icyerekezo kiri guhinduka kiva ku butabazi bwihutirwa kijya ku kwihangana kw’igihe kirekire, hagamijwe gufasha impunzi kongera kwiyubaka mu buzima zifite icyubahiro, nubwo inkunga z’ubutabazi zikomeje kugabanyuka.

Ba uwa mbere mu kumenya amakuru agezweho!!!