Guverinoma y’u Rwanda iteganya gukuba inshuro zirenga ebyiri ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutunganya amashanyarazi, ikabugeza kuri megawati 1.066 (MW) bitarenze umwaka wa 2034, binyuze mu ishoramari rizashorwa mu ngufu zituruka ku mazi (hydropower), ku mirasire y’izuba ndetse n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ririmo n’ingufu za nikireyeri, hakazashorwa asaga miliyari 3.2 z’amadolari ya Amerika (asaga tiriyali 4.3 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda).

Iyi ntego yatangajwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ingufu (Rwanda Energy Group – REG) inagaragaza intambwe imaze guterwa mu gutunganya no kugeza amashanyarazi ku baturage mu myaka itanu ishize.

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REG, Eng.  Zingiro Armand, yavuze ko umubare w’imiryango ifite amashanyarazi wazamutse ku buryo bugaragara, uva kuri 64.53% mu myaka itanu ishize ugera kuri 85.4% kuri ubu, bigana n’izamuka rya 20.87%.

Yagize ati: “Mu miryango ifite amashanyarazi, 60.1% ikoresha umuriro uva ku muyoboro mugari (national grid), mu gihe 25.3% ikoresha ingufu zituruka ku zuba.”

Muri icyo gihe kandi, ingano y’amafaranga yatanzwe mu gihugu yarazamutse iva kuri MW 238.36 mu 2020/21 igera kuri MW 467.14 kugeza ubu mu 2025. Mu igenamigambi ry’imyaka 10 rya REG (2024–2034), biteganyijwe ko ubu bushobozi buzagera kuri MW 1.066.

Imishinga y’amashanyarazi aturuka ku mazi iri ku isonga

REG ihamya ko ingufu zituruka ku mazi zikomeje kuba inkingi y’ingenzi mu kwagura urwego rw’ingufu mu Rwanda, hakaba hakomeje kubakwa imishinga myinshi irimo gutegarwa hakaba n’indi ikirimo gukorerwa inyigo cyangwa iri mu cyiciro cy’ubushakashatsi.

Urugomero rwa Nyabarongo II ruteganyijwe gutanga MW 43.5 rumaze kugera ku kigero cya 57% rwubakwa. Indi mishinga irimo urwa Rukarara VI ifite MW 9.7 rugeze kuri 26%, n’urwa Nyirahundwe (MW 0.91) rumaze kugera kuri 71% rwubakwa.

REG yanagarutse ku mushinga w’urugomero rwa Rusizi III, uzatanga MW 206, ugamije guhuza u Rwanda, u Burundi na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, aho imirimo yo kuwubaka yatangiye, nubwo hari imbogamizi zatewe n’ibibazo bya politiki hagati y’ibihugu biwuhuriyeho.

Hagati aho, hari gukorwa ubushakashatsi ku yindi mishinga, irimo no kwagura Urugomero rwa Ntaruka.

REG yagize iti: “Ubu bushakashatsi buteganyijwe kurangira umwaka utaha, kugira ngo hamenyekane ubushobozi bwinyongera bushobora kongerwamo.”

Kwagura ingufu zituruka ku zuba

Ingufu z’izuba zitezweho kugira uruhare runini mu guhaza umubare w’abifuza amashanyarazi mu gihe kizaza harimo imishinga iteganyijwe irimo uruganda rwa Mpanga Solar PV rwa MW 30 ruherereye mu Karere ka Kirehe, umushinga wa Nyabarongo II Solar PV wa MW 200, n’uruganda rwa Izuba CB Energy Rwanda rwa MW 4.13, n’indi.

Muri iyo mishinga hatanzwe isoko ryo gukora igenamigambi, gutanga ibikoresho, kubaka, kugerageza no gutangiza uruganda rwa Mpanga Solar PV. Uyu mushinga uzanyura mu byiciro byose birimo igenamigambi, kugura ibikoresho, kubaka no gutangira gukora mbere yo kuruhuza n’umuyoboro mugari w’Igihugu.

Hateganyijwe uburyo bubiri bwo kubona inkunga y’imishinga y’amashanyariza akoresheje imirasire y’izuba, uburyo bwo gutangira imishinga hakoreshejwe amafaranga atanzwe n’abashoramari cyangwa abatanga inguzanyo, ndetse n’amasezerano yo kugura amashanyarazi (Power Purchase Agreements-PPA), aho abashoramari bagaragaza ubushobozi bwo kubona inkunga n’ubunararibonye mu kubaka no gukoresha inganda zitunganya amashanyarazi.

Uko igenamigambi rizaterwa inkunga

REG ivuga ko nibura miliyari 3.2 z’amadolari ya Amerika ari zo zizakenerwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa igenamigambi ry’imyaka 10. Aya mafaranga azava mu nguzanyo, inkunga zijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’iibihe, impapuro mpeshamwenda z’imishinga irengera ibidukikije (green bonds) ndetse n’inguzanyo zishingiye ku musaruro w’imyuka ihumanya yagabanyutse (carbon credits).

Uretse gutunganya amashanyarazi, u Rwanda ruri gushora imari ikomeye mu kuvugurura no guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo by’amashanyarazi.

Imiyoboro yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi yavuguruwe yiyongereye iva kuri kilometer 944 mu 2020/21 igera kuri kilometero 1.158 kugeza magingo aya.

Muri rusange, Igihugu kimaze kubaka ibilometero 38.358,83 by’imiyoboro yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, igizwe na kilometero 12.645,40 y’imiyoboro ifite ingufu ziringaniye (medium voltage) na kilometero 25.713,43 y’imiyoboro ifite ingufu zon hasi (low voltage).

Mu Mujyi wa Kigali, imirimo yo kuvugurura imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi imaze kugera kuri 67%, mu gihe sitasiyo nto z’amashanyarazi 37 zimaze kubakwa hirya no hino mu Gihugu mu rwego rwo gufasha gukwirakwiza umuriro.

Igenamigambi ry’igihe kirekire rigamije kandi kugabanya ikibazo cy’ibura ry’amashanyarazi rya hato na hato, hifashishijwe gusimbuza ibikoresho bifite ubushobozi buke no kwagura aho amashanyarazi atanga ingufu aturuka.

Ni mu gihe Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ifite intego yo kugeza amashanyarazi ku baturage bose bitarenze umwaka wa 2029.

Aho amashanyarazi ageze iterambere ririhuta

Abaturage bungukiye ku mashanyarazi bavuga ko yahinduye ubuzima bwabo n’imibereho yabo.

Uwimana Berancille, utuye mu Murenge wa Munyaga mu Karere ka Rwamagana, yagize ati: “Twumva twavuye mu mwijima tujya mu buzima bwiza. Twari abapfakazi tudafite aho kuba, none dufite inzu n’amashanyarazi.”

Undi muturage, Juvenal Nkuranga wo mu Kagari ka Kaduha, yavuze ko kubona amashanyarazi byateje imbere uburezi kandi bigafungura amahirwe y’ubukungu.

Yagize ati: “Abana bacu biga neza kurushaho, imyigire yabo yarazamutse, kandi ubu turi gutekereza ku mishinga ibyara inyungu.”

Mu gihe kiri imbere, Guverinoma irateganya no gushyiraho inganda za nikireyeri zitunganya amashanyarazi zifite ubushobozi bungana na MW 110 mu myaka 10 iri imbere, gahunda izatangira mu mwaka wa 2025.

Ba uwa mbere mu kumenya amakuru agezweho!!!