Tariki ya 4 Nyakanga 2026, Abanyarwanda bazizihiza ku nshuro ya 32 Umunsi Mukuru wo Kwibohora. Ni umunsi w’amateka wibutsa ihagarikwa rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ugasozwa n’urugamba rw’Inkotanyi rwahaye igihugu amahirwe mashya yo kongera kubaho.

Mu myaka 32 ishize, Kwibohora kwabaye urufunguzo rwafunguye inzira nshya y’amahoro, ubumwe, umutekano n’iterambere. Ariko uko imyaka igenda ishira, birushaho kugaragara ko Kwibohora kutari intsinzi y’Abanyarwanda gusa. Kwasize isomo rikomeye ku isi yose, cyane cyane ku bihugu bikomeje guhangana n’intambara, iterabwoba n’ibibazo by’umutekano.

Mu 1994, u Rwanda rwari igihugu cyasenyutse. Benshi bahamyaga ko rutazongera kwiyubaka. Uyu munsi, ni kimwe mu bihugu byizerwa cyane mu bikorwa byo kubungabunga amahoro ku Isi. Icyahoze ari igihugu cyasabaga amahanga kugifasha mbere ya 1994 ni cyo ubu gifasha abandi kubona amahoro n’umutekano.

Iyi ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zituma Kwibohora gushobora kugereranywa n’inyenyeri yamurikiye Abanyarwanda, nyuma ikaza guhinduka itara rimurikira Afurika n’ahandi ku isi

Kwibohora kwahinduye amateka y’u Rwanda

Nta muntu wari gutekereza mu 1994 ko igihugu cyari kivuye muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi cyari kuzahinduka icyitegererezo ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Igihugu cyari cyatakaje abaturage benshi, abarenga miliyoni bamaze kwicwa muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi naho abasaga miliyoni eshatu bajyanwa bunyago na guverinoma y’abajenosideri mu bihugu bidukikije cyane cyane Congo na Tanzaniya,  ibikorwa remezo byarasenyutse, inzego za Leta zarasenyutse, ubukungu bwarahagaze, nta cyizere.

Ariko ubuyobozi bwashyizweho nyuma ya Kwibohora burangajwe imbere na FPR Inkotanyi bwafashe icyemezo gikomeye cyo kubaka igihugu gishingiye ku bumwe bw’Abanyarwanda aho gushingira ku moko, ku miyoborere myiza aho gushingira ku ivangura, no ku mutekano aho gushingira ku bwoba. Muri uru rugendo, Ingabo z’u Rwanda (RDF) na Polisi y’u Rwanda (RNP) zabaye inkingi ikomeye mu kubaka igihugu gitekanye. Umutekano wabaye ishingiro ry’iterambere ryihuse igihugu cyagezeho.

Uyu munsi, u Rwanda ni kimwe mu bihugu bifite umutekano kurusha ibindi muri Afurika. Abaturage bagenda amasaha yose y’ijoro n’amanywa bafite icyizere. Abashoramari barahaza, ba mukerarugendo bakahisanga batekanye. Ibyo byose ni imbuto zo Kwibohora. Hari isomo rimwe rikomeye Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yasigiye Abanyarwanda: isi ishobora kurebera abantu bakicwa ntigire icyo ikora. Hakaza wa mugani umuntu arigira yakwibura agapfa.

Mu 1994, ingabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye zari mu Rwanda zatereranye Abanyarwanda ntizahagarika Jenoside, ariko intwari za FPR/RPA Inkotanyi ntizarebera. Iryo somo ni ryo ryatumye u Rwanda rwiyemeza ko aho ruzabona abaturage bari mu kaga ruzakora ibishoboka byose ngo rubarengere.

Ni ihame ryaje kuba imwe mu nkingi za politiki y’u Rwanda mu bijyanye n’umutekano mpuzamahanga. Aho ingabo z’u Rwanda zagiye hose, zabanje kureba abaturage mbere yo kureba inyungu za politiki. Ni yo mpamvu mu bihugu byinshi, abaturage bavuga ko iyo babonye abasirikare b’u Rwanda bumva bizeye ko umutima usubiye mu gitereko.

Mu 2003, intambara yadutse muri Darfur muri Sudani. Imiryango mpuzamahanga yatangiye kuvuga ko ibyaberaga muri ako karere byasaga n’ibyabaye mu Rwanda mbere ya Jenoside.

Mu 2004, imyaka icumi gusa nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye basabye u Rwanda gutanga ingabo. Hari ababibonaga nk’ikigeragezo gikomeye ku gihugu cyari kigikira ibikomere ariko u Rwanda rwarabyemeye.

Abasirikare b’u Rwanda bageze muri Darfur batangira kurinda abaturage, kurinda inkambi z’impunzi no gufasha ibikorwa by’ubutabazi. Mu gihe cy’imyaka isaga 15, abasirikare b’u Rwanda bakomeje kuba bamwe mu bari ku isonga mu kubungabunga amahoro muri Sudani.

Abaturage benshi bo muri Darfur babonye mu Rwanda igihugu kidatanga amagambo gusa, ahubwo gitanga ibikorwa. Ubu mu ntara ya Darfur nubwo ubutumwa bwarangiye, RDF yahasize umurage mwiza. Abagore bigishijwe gucana rondereza bibafasha kudakoresha inkwi nyinshi mu ntara igizwe n’ubutayu dore ko bakoraga urugendo rurerure bashaka inkwi bagafatwa ku ngufu n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro. Ingabo za RDF zubatse amashuri, amavuriro zigarurira icyizere abaturage ba Darfur Atari kubarindira umutekano gusa.

Mu 2010, Haiti yibasiwe n’umutingito ukomeye wahitanye abantu barenga ibihumbi magana atatu. Ibitaro byarasenyutse, inzego za Leta zirahagarara, abaturage babarirwa muri za miliyoni basigara badafite aho kuba. Nubwo Haiti iri kure cyane y’u Rwanda, Kigali ntiyarebye iyo ntera. Polisi y’u Rwanda yoherejweyo mu bikorwa by’amahoro n’ubutabazi.

Mu myaka icyenda yakurikiyeho, abapolisi b’u Rwanda bakoze amarondo, barinda abaturage, bafasha mu gutabara abari mu kaga no gusubiza icyizere abaturage. Ni ubutumwa bwagaragaje ko impuhwe n’ubumuntu bidakwiye kugira imipaka. Kwibohora kw’Abanyarwanda kwabahaye ubushobozi bwo kumva agahinda k’abari mu bibazo aho bari hose ku isi.

Mu 2011, Sudani y’Epfo yabonye ubwigenge bwayo. Ariko ibyishimo by’ubwigenge bwahise busimburwa n’intambara z’imbere mu gihugu. Ibihumbi by’abaturage byarishwe, abandi baba impunzi. Ingabo z’u Rwanda zagiye muri iki gihugu mu rwego rwo kurinda abaturage no gufasha ibikorwa by’amahoro. Aho zageze hose zagaragaje umuco wo kubana neza n’abaturage.

Zubatse ibikorwa bifasha abaturage, zitanga ubuvuzi, zifasha abana kubona uburezi kandi zigafasha abagore n’abana bari mu kaga. Abaturage benshi bo muri Sudani y’Epfo bavuga ko babonye u Rwanda nk’urugero rw’igihugu cyashoboye kuva mu makimbirane kikubaka amahoro arambye.

Repubulika ya Centrafrique ni kimwe mu bihugu byahuye n’ibibazo bikomeye by’umutekano mu myaka yashize. Mu 2020, inyeshyamba zari ziteye umurwa mukuru Bangui zishaka kuwufata zinashaka kuburizamo amatora.

Mu gihe benshi bibazaga niba igihugu kitari bugwe mu maboko y’inyeshyamba zari ziyobowe nuwahoze ari Perezida Francois Bozize, u Rwanda rwohereje ingabo mu gihe gito, umutekano waragarutse, Bangui irakingirwa.  Amatora yarabaye, abaturage bongera gukora ibikorwa byabo bisanzwe.

Uyu munsi, abaturage benshi bo muri Centrafrique bavuga ko RDF yabafashije gusubirana icyizere cyo kubaho. Ndetse n’ubuyobozi bw’icyo gihugu bukomeje kuvuga ko u Rwanda ari umwe mu bafatanyabikorwa b’ingenzi mu kubaka amahoro. Mu 2021, intara ya Cabo Delgado muri Mozambique yari yarahindutse indiri y’iterabwoba.

Umutwe w’iterabwoba Ansar al-Sunna wari warayogoje intara ya Cabo Delgabo Abaturage abaturage barenga ibihumbi bitatu bicwa nabi ibihumbi n’ibihumbi bari barahunga. Mozambique yasabye ubufasha bw’u Rwanda.Mu byumweru bike gusa, Ingabo z’u Rwanda zifatanyije n’iza Mozambique zabohoye uduce twinshi twari twarigaruriwe n’iterabwoba. Imijyi nka Palma na Mocímboa da Praia yongeye gusubira mu maboko ya Leta.

Abaturage basubiye mu ngo zabo. Amashuri yarafunguwe. Amavuriro arakora. Ubucuruzi bwarongeye gutangira. Ni imwe mu ntsinzi zagaragaje ubushobozi bwa RDF ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Ariko ikirenze intsinzi ya gisirikare ni uko abaturage bongeye kubona icyizere cy’ejo hazaza. Kimwe mu bintu byatumye u Rwanda rwubahwa mu butumwa bw’amahoro ni uruhare rw’abagore.

Abagore benshi bari mu Ngabo z’u Rwanda no muri Polisi y’u Rwanda bagiye bagira uruhare rukomeye mu butumwa mpuzamahanga. Mu bihugu byinshi byugarijwe n’intambara, abagore n’abana ni bo baba mu kaga cyane. Abapolisi n’abasirikare b’abagore b’u Rwanda bagiye bafasha mu kurinda aba baturage, kubaganiriza no kubafasha kongera kugira icyizere.

Ibi bigaragaza ko Kwibohora kutahaye amahirwe abagabo gusa, ahubwo kwanahaye abagore ubushobozi bwo kugira uruhare mu kubaka amahoro ku rwego rw’isi. Aho ingabo z’u Rwanda zagiye hose ntabwo zajyanye imbunda gusa. Zajyanye n’indangagaciro zubakiye ku bunyarwanda.

Mu bihugu byinshi, zamenyekanishije Umuganda nk’uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo binyuze mu bufatanye bw’abaturage. Abaturage bahurira hamwe bagakora ibikorwa rusange, bakaganira ku bibazo bibugarije kandi bagashaka ibisubizo.

Mu Darfur no muri Sudani y’Epfo, abasirikare b’u Rwanda banatanze ibisubizo byafashije abagore kugabanya ingendo zo gushaka inkwi, bityo bagabanya ibyago byo kugirirwa nabi. Ibi byose byerekana ko amahoro nyayo yubakwa n’abantu, atubakwa n’amasasu gusa.

Mu myaka 32 ishize, u Rwanda rwubatse izina rikomeye kubera ibikorwa aho kuba amagambo. Iyo igihugu gisabye ubufasha bw’u Rwanda, kiba cyizeye ko ruzakora akazi neza. Ibi byatumye u Rwanda rwaguka mu mubano mpuzamahanga no mu bufatanye n’ibindi bihugu.

Uyu munsi, RDF na RNP bifatwa nk’inzego zifite ubunyamwuga, disipuline n’ubwitange. Iyo ni imwe mu nyungu zikomeye zaturutse kuri Kwibohora.

U Rwanda rwanyuze mu rugendo rudasanzwe. Rwavuye ku gihugu cyari cyarasenyutse kiba igihugu cyubaka abandi. Rwavuye ku gihugu cyari gikeneye amahoro kiba igihugu gitanga amahoro. Rwavuye ku gihugu cyari gikeneye ubutabazi kiba igihugu gitabara abandi. Ni urugendo rwerekana ko amateka mabi atagomba kugena ejo hazaza h’igihugu. Abanyarwanda bahisemo kwiyubaka. Bahisemo kubaka igihugu gifite icyizere. Bahisemo kuba igisubizo aho kuba ikibazo.

Mu gihe Abanyarwanda bazizihiza imyaka 32 yo Kwibohora, bafite impamvu nyinshi zo kwishimira aho igihugu cyavuye n’aho kigeze ariko hari indi mpamvu ikomeye kurushaho: kuba ibyo bagezeho bitakiri ibyabo gusa.

Muri Darfur, muri Haiti, muri Sudani y’Epfo, muri Centrafrique, muri Mozambique n’ahandi henshi, abaturage benshi babonye mu Rwanda umufatanyabikorwa w’ukuri.

Babonye igihugu cyize ku mateka yacyo kikayavomamo imbaraga zo gufasha abandi. Ni yo mpamvu Kwibohora kudakwiye gufatwa nk’umunsi wo kwibuka intsinzi y’Abanyarwanda gusa.

Ni umunsi wo kwibuka ko igihugu cyigeze gusaba amahoro cyabaye igihugu gitanga amahoro; ko igihugu cyigeze gusaba ubutabazi cyabaye igihugu gitabara abandi; kandi ko umucyo watangiriye mu Rwanda nyuma ya Nyakanga 1994, uyu munsi umaze kumurikira Afurika n’Isi yose.

Kwibohora kwabaye inyenyeri yamurikiye Abanyarwanda. Nyuma yaho, iyo nyenyeri yahindutse itara rimurikira ibindi bihugu, ritanga icyizere ko amahoro, umutekano n’iterambere bishoboka, kabone n’iyo igihugu cyaba cyaranyuze mu mwijima mwinshi kurusha uwatekerezwaga.

Ba uwa mbere mu kumenya amakuru agezweho!!!