Imyaka 32 irashize u Rwanda rubohowe. Itangazamakuru ryifashishijwe nk’intwaro ikomeye yo guhangana n’umwanzi mu gihe cy’urugamba kuko ibibi byakorwaga n’ibinyoma byatangazwaga hifashishijwe ibitangazamakuru bya Leta yariho icyo gihe bitandukanye byagombaga kubona abakeba babinyomoza binyuze mu gutangaza ukuri ku Banyarwanda no ku mahanga kuri radiyo Muhabura.

Mweusi Karake wari umwe mu batangije akanayobora Radio Muhabura, yasabye urubyiruko by’umwihariko abakorera itangazamakuru kuri YouTube no ku mbuga nkoranayambaga muri rusange kureka kuganzwa n’inyota yo gukorera amafaranga bakirengagiza ukuri kandi ari ko kwabohoye u Rwanda.

Mu kiganiro kihariye yagiranye na Imvaho Nshya ku ruhare rw‘itangazamakuru mu kubohora u Rwanda, Mweusi Karake yasobanuye ko mu gihe cy’urugamba byabaye ngombwa ko hashyirwaho itangazamakuru rihangana n’ibinyoma byatambutswaga n’ibitangazamakuru bya Leta, kugira ngo abaturage badahera mu icuraburindi ku kuri kw’ibyaberaga ku rugamba.

Ashingiye kuri ubwo buhamya, Mweusi yagaragaje ko abakora itangazamakuru nyuma y’imyaka 32 ishize Igihugu kibohowe bakwiye kwirinda ‘inzara’, bagakora itangazamakuru rishingiye ku kuri barangwa n’ubunyamwuga kuko ari byo Igihugu gikeneye ngo kirusheho gutera imbere.

Yagize ati: “Abanyamakuru cyane cyane abari kuri za YouTube n’ibindi uyu munsi, bareke inzara! Bareke gushakisha amafaranga mu bibi, abantu basigaye bazi ko ibihuha ari byo bigurisha, ntibatekereze ko ijambo rimwe rishobora gusenya, udufaranga bagiye kubona dushobora gusenya Igihugu… Ariko banamenye ko hari n’ingaruka zabyo, ushobora kurya turiya dufaranga, tukazakugaruka.”

Yatanze urugero rw’abanyamakuru batandukanye bakongezaga inzangano n’amacakubiri muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 bakayigiramo uruhare rutaziguye, bakurikiranywe n’ubutabera bikarangira bakatiwe gufungwa burundu n’ibindi bihano bitandukanye.

Radio Muhabura yashingiwe guhabura abahabye

Mu gihe itangazamakuru ryari rimaze imyaka igera kuri 30 rikoreshwa na Politiki yimakaza amacakubiri n’ivanguramoko, Radio Muhabura yatangiriye ku rugamba rwo kubohora Igihugu yaje nk’intwaro inyomoza ibinyoma byatangazwaga na Leta yasabitswe n’iyo Politiki mbi yari yarahejeje Abanyarwanda benshi ishyanga abandi barenganyirizwa mu rwababyaye.

Agaruka ku mateka y’itangazamakuru guhera mu myaka ya 1960, Mweusi Karake yagaragaje uburyo Radio Rwanda yavugaga ibintu bigafatwa nk’‘ivanjiri’ ari na byo byatumye igira imbaraga zikomeye.

Ati: “Umunyarwanda yumvaga radiyo, ati ‘radiyo yavuze ngo!’ Nk’uko abakirisitu babivuga ngo ni ivanjiri. Ibyo radiyo yavuze ni ibyo, nyine ni ukuri. Ni ukuvuga rero ko Abanyarwanda babayeho bumva radiyo kuko ntibasomaga. Mu Rwanda hari Kinyamateka gusa, Imvaho yaje nyuma.  Ni ukuvuga rero ko ushaka gucengeza amatwara mabi mu Banyarwanda yakoreshaga radiyo kandi rwose Radio Rwanda yari igikoresho cya Kayibanda na Habyarimana; na RTLM itarazaho Radiyo Rwanda ni yo yacengezaga amatwara.”

Kubera imbaraga radiyo yari ifite, Mweusi Karake ahamya ko imwe mu ntwaro Umuryango FPR Inkotanyi washyizemo imbaraga yari iyo gushyiraho Radio Muhabura ihangana n’ibinyoma bya Radio Rwanda.

Akomeza agira ati: “Radio Muhabura rero, yari intwaro nk’izindi ntwaro z’urugamba. Ku buryo iteka yabaga iruhande rw’Ubuyobozi Bukuru bw’Ingabo za RPA Inkotanyi (High Command) kugira ngo irindwe.”

Ahagana mu 1991, nyuma y’amezi make urugamba rwo kubohora Igihugu rutangiye, ni bwo Radio Muhabura yatangirijwe mu Kirunga cya Gahinga kiri hagati y’u Rwanda na Uganda, ariko ikomeza yimukana n’Ingabo zari ku rugamba.

Mweusi ati: “Twari dufite radiyo ya mbere itarumvikanaga neza twayitaga ngo ni -Akavumvuri- uko ubushobozi buboneka tugura sutidiyo (studio) nshya tugera ku ya nyuma. Ngira ngo ndumva sutidiyo ya nyuma ya Radio Muhabura iri mu Ngoro Ndangamateka y’Urugamba rwo Guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.”

Akomeza avuga ko kugira ngo Abanyarwanda bumve Radio Muhabura, abatekinisiye bayo bayegeranyije n’umurongo wa Radio Rwanda ndetse n’amakuru yayo agatambukira rimwe n’aya Radio Rwanda, bigatuma abantu benshi bayigeraho bakumva andi makuru atandukanye n’ayiganjemo icengezamatwara rya Leta yahishaga ukuri Abanyarwanda.

Radio Muhabura yimakaje ubumwe itsinda ikinyoma

Mu gihe itangazamakuru rya Leta ryari rikomeje gukwirakwiza imvugo z’urwango n’amacakubiri, Radio Muhabura yo yashyize imbaraga mu kwigisha Abanyarwanda kunga ubumwe, no kwerekana amakosa yakorwaga na Leta yatandukiraga ku nshingano zo kurinda abaturage bose.

Mweusi Karake ati: “Twigishaga Abanyarwanda ubumwe. Icya kabiri twagombaga kwerekana amakosa Leta ikora. Icya gatatu twumvaga na Radio Rwanda tukavuguruza ibinyoma bavuga. Nyuma mwibuke ko haje kujyaho na RTLM twarwanaga n’imbaraga cyangwa ibirindiro bibiri bitoroshye.”

Akomeza ahamya ko kuri Radiyo Muhabura habarizwaga n’ibindi bitandazamakuru birimo ibyandika mu Kinyarwanda, Icyongereza n’Igifaransa, ndetse na televiziyo yafashaga gukwirakwiza amakuru y’ibyaberaga ku rugamba binyuze mu mashusho.

Ibi bitangazamakuru byatanze umusaruro ukomeye mu rugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda, kuko byafashije kuyobora abaturage mu bice byamaze kubohorwa n’Inkotanyi, ndetse n’amakuru yatangazwaga agatuma urubyiruko ruyumva, ruyasoma cyangwa rukabona ukuri kw’ibibera ku rugamba, rurushaho kuza ku bwinshi ngo rufatanye n’Ingabo zari iza RPA Inkotanyi.

Mweusi akomeza agira ati: “Ikindi urugamba rw’Inkotanyi nta muzungu waruhaga amafaranga, rwari urw’abanyamuryango. Uko rero babonaga ubwo butumwa ni ko n’inkunga bayitangaga. Ikindi hari nk’ubwo twahaga gasopo Leta tuti: ibi bintu nimutabireka turakora iki kandi tukagikora. Ndaguha urugero rumwe, tariki 8 Gashyantare 1993, itangazo ryiviriye kuri High Command umunyamakuru ararisoma. Icyo gihe twari mu mishyikirano tubwira Leta ya Habyarimana tuti: kubera ko mwakomeje kwica abantu twiyemeje kubura imirwano.

Ubundi wajya gutera ukabanza ukabubikira, ariko twe twarabateguje. Igitero cyaraje kigera hano i Shyorongi. Abasore ahubwo kubasubiza inyuma byabaye ikibazo. Abasore barebaga Kigali none murababwira ngo nibasubire inyuma? Cyari ikibazo gikomeye, kubera ko twari dufite ikinyabupfura (discipline) bapfuye kubyemera basubirana inyuma agahinda.”

Icyo gitego cyasize umusaruro ukomeye w‘uko ibice byambuwe Ingabo za FAR byahindutse icyitwa DMZ (De-militarized Zone), kuko Ingabo za RPA Inkotanyi zavuze ko mu gihe baharekura n’ingabo zari iza Leta zidashobora kuhasubira ahubwo ko hacungirwa umutekano n’Ingabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye.

Undi musaruro ukomeye Mweusi agarukaho ni uko Radio Muhabura yakurikiranye ibikorwa by’imishyikirano byose byaberaga i Arusha muri Tanzania hagati y’umwaka wa 1992 na 1993, ikajya itangaza amakuru mbere ya Radio Rwanda na RTLM, bityo kugoreka ukuri bikagora uruhande rwa Leta yariho.

Mweusi akomeza agira ati: “Twari dufite inshingano zo gutuma Isi imenya ukuri. Undi musaruro ni uko Radio Muhabura yaburiraga abaturage bahigwaga ikanabarangira ibice byamaze gufatwa n’Inkotanyi ababishoboye bakaba ari ho bahungira.”

Akomeza ahamya ko iyo itangazamakuru rya Leta na ryo rikora mu nyungu rusange z’Igihugu ubukana bwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bwari kugabanyuka, ashimira abari abanyamakuru b’ibitangazamakuru bya Leta babonye ko bakora amafuti bakaza kwiyunga ku bitangazamakuru bya Radio Muhabura.

Kubera ko Radio Rwanda yari yahunganywe na Perezida wa Guverinoma y‘Abatabazi Sindikubwabo Théodore, ibikoresho bimwe byari ibya Radio Muhabura ni byo byashyizwe muri Radio Rwanda ikomerezaho kumenyekanisha ibikorwa bya Leta y’Ubumwe bw‘Abanyarwanda.

Nyuma y’urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda, Mweusi Karake yakomereje imirimo mu kuyobora ishami ry’Ibiro by’Igihugu by’Itangazamakuru (ORINFOR) ryitwaga PECIPHO, ahabarizwaga Ikinyamakuru Imvaho cyaje guhindura izina kikitwa ‘Imvaho Nshya‘ na ‘La Rélève‘ yaje kwitwa ‘La Nouvelle Rélève‘ kubera uruhare byagize mu gukwirakwiza urwango n’amacakubiri muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Nyuma y’aho, Mweusi yaje no kuyobora Radio Rwanda ndetse aza no kuyobora Ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamakuru mu Rwanda (ARJ). Avuga ko batangiye iyo mirimo badahembwa ariko ubwitange batangiranye muri Radio Muhabura bugakomeza kubafasha gukora kinyamwuga kugeza ubwo ibintu byatangiye gusubira mu buryo.

Bakoranye na bamwe mu bahoze ari abanyamakuru mu itangazamakuru rya Leta yateguye ikanashyira mu bikorwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, akaba avuga ko amasomo y’ingenzi bakuye muri uru rugamba ari uko Igihugu gitera imbere ari uko habayeho kwitanga kw’abaturage bacyo.

Ba uwa mbere mu kumenya amakuru agezweho!!!