Ku wa 12 Ukwakira 2026, uwahoze ari Perezida wa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, Joseph Kabila, yatangaje ko ashinze umutwe mushya wa politiki n’igisirikare witwa ‘Front pour la Refondation de la Nation’ (FRN), awutangariza i Goma, umujyi ugenzurwa na M23.

Uyu mutwe mushya uhuza inyeshyamba za M23 n’ihuriro rya politiki rya ‘Alliance Fleuve Congo’ (AFC), ukaba warigaruriye inzego za politiki n’iza gisirikare byari bisanzwe bigize AFC, ndetse ugakomeza n’imihigo yari ifitanye n’abandi, harimo ibiganiro by’amahoro bya Doha.

Iyi ntambwe isobanuye ko intego yo gukuraho ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Félix Tshisekedi igaragajwe mu buryo bweruye kurushaho, harimo no gukoresha ingufu za gisirikare. Nubwo Kabila yahawe umwanya ukomeye muri iri huriro, haracyari ibibazo byinshi ku bushobozi bwe bwo kwagura ibikorwa byaryo mu bindi bice bya Congo, uko ibihugu byo mu karere bizabyitwaramo, ndetse n’ingaruka bizagira ku biganiro bigamije kurangiza intambara.

Kabila yongeye kugaruka mu ruhando rwa politiki n’intambara

Kuva mu 2024, ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Félix Tshisekedi bwagiye bushinja Joseph Kabila gushyigikira ihuriro rya AFC/M23 no gukorana n’u Rwanda mu guhungabanya umutekano wa Congo. Ibyo byakurikiwe no gukurwaho ubudahangarwa yari afite nk’umusenateri ubuzima bwe bwose, bituma ashobora gukurikiranwa mu nkiko.

Muri Nzeri 2025, urukiko rwa gisirikare rwamukatiye igihano cy’urupfu adahari. Muri Mata 2026, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na zo zamufatiye ibihano kubera uruhare yashinjwaga mu gushyigikira AFC/M23.

Kuba Kabila yarashyize ku mugaragaro ubuyobozi bwe muri iri huriro bishimangira ibyo ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa bwagiye bumushinja, nubwo bitavuze ko ibibazo byose bijyanye n’imikoranire ye na M23 byamaze gusobanuka. Icyo ubu agomba kwerekana ni ubushobozi bwo guhindura FRN ikaba umutwe ufite imbaraga zirenze izari zisanzwe zifitwe na AFC/M23.

Kabila ashobora gushaka gukurura abanyapolitiki, gushishikariza bamwe mu nzego z’umutekano kwitandukanya n’ubutegetsi bwa Tshisekedi, gushyiraho ubufatanye n’andi mashyaka atavuga rumwe na Leta, cyangwa kwagura ibikorwa by’iri huriro mu bindi bice by’igihugu.

Ariko kumenyekana kwe nk’uwahoze ari Perezida ntibihagije kugira ngo agire ubushobozi bwo guhindura imiterere y’intambara. Azasuzumwa hashingiwe ku byo azageraho mu bikorwa bifatika.

Katanga ishobora kuba igice gikomeye mu migambi ye

Kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye bireba FRN ni ukumenya niba izashaka kwagura ibikorwa byayo mu majyepfo ya Congo, cyane cyane mu gace ka Katanga.

Joseph Kabila afite amateka akomeye muri Katanga, aho umuryango we n’abo bafatanyije muri politiki bagiye bagira ijambo rikomeye. Nubwo yavukiye muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo, Katanga yabaye kimwe mu bice by’ingenzi by’ishingiro rye rya politiki.

Katanga kandi ifite uruhare rukomeye mu bukungu bwa Congo kubera ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, cyane cyane umuringa na cobalt. Mu 2024, ayo mabuye yombi yari agize hejuru ya 90% by’agaciro k’ibicuruzwa Congo yoherezaga mu mahanga, nk’uko inyandiko isesengura iyi ntambara ibigaragaza.

Kugira ijambo rikomeye muri Katanga bishobora guhindura imiterere y’ubukungu n’ubushobozi bwa politiki bw’ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa.

Kabila azasabwa kwemeza abo ashaka ko bamushyigikira ko FRN iharanira inyungu zabo, aho kuba umutwe ugaragara nk’ukorera inyungu z’ibindi bihugu. Ubushobozi bwa Kabila bwo kwagura FRN buzaterwa cyane n’uko ibihugu by’ibituranyi bizabyitwaramo.

M23 imaze kwigarurira ibice byinshi mu burasirazuba bwa Congo, ariko iracyafite ikibazo cy’ukwemerwa na politiki mu gihugu. Gusa mu bice yafashe imaze kwemerwa kubera kugarura umutekano isuku n’imikorere itarangwa na ruswa.

Kwinjira kwa Kabila muri iri huriro bizarifasha kwerekana ko rifite ishingiro rya politiki muri Congo.

Mu mezi 18 yabanje, Kabila yari yarasuye ibihugu bitandukanye bigize Umuryango w’Iterambere ry’Afurika y’Amajyepfo (SADC), agamije kongera kubaka umubano wa politiki no kwemeza abayobozi b’ako karere ko Tshisekedi adashoboye gukemura ibibazo by’umutekano n’imbere mu gihugu.

Angola ishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye kubera amateka yayo mu bibazo bya Congo, umupaka muremure ihana na yo, n’inyungu ifite mu mutekano w’akarere. Perezida João Lourenço yagiye ashyigikira ibiganiro bya politiki nk’uburyo bwo gushaka igisubizo kirambye.

Uganda na yo ni igihugu gikomeye muri iyi ntambara. Ifite ingabo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo, cyane cyane muri Ituri no muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, kandi umubano wayo na M23 wagiye urangwa nuko abayobozi ba Uganda berekana ko M23 ifite impamvu zo kubaho.

Nubwo FRN yivuga nk’ihuriro riharanira impinduka mu gihugu cyose, kugeza ubu iracyafitanye isano rikomeye n’abanyapolitiki n’abasirikare bo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo. Kugira ngo igire ishingiro rikomeye rya politiki, izakenera gukurura abayobozi n’amashyaka atavuga rumwe na Tshisekedi bo mu bindi bice by’igihugu.

Kabila yari yaragerageje gushyiraho ihuriro rya politiki ryiswe ‘Sauvons la RDC’, ariko abitabiriye ibikorwa byaryo ntibari benshi. Mu batitabiriye harimo Moïse Katumbi, Martin Fayulu, Delly Sesanga na Jean-Marc Kabund, bahisemo gukomeza kurwanya Tshisekedi mu nzira za politiki aho kwifatanya n’umutwe witwaje intwaro.

Kuba Kabila yarashyize ku mugaragaro umubano we na AFC/M23 bishobora gutuma gukurura abo banyapolitiki birushaho kumugora. Nyuma yo gutangaza FRN, bamwe mu bari bamushyigikiye bamwitandukanyijeho, barimo Marie-Ange Mushobekwa wahoze ari minisitiri ushinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu.

Hari abashobora kuba batinya n’ingaruka za politiki cyangwa gukurikiranwa n’ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa, ariko kwitandukanya kwabo kugaragaza ko Kabila atarashobora kubaka ubumwe bukomeye bw’abatavuga rumwe na Tshisekedi.

Ikindi kibazo ni amateka ye ku butegetsi. Nubwo ubutegetsi bwa Tshisekedi bushinjwa gusubiza inyuma demokarasi no kugabanya umwanya w’abatavuga rumwe na Leta, Kabila na we aracyibukirwa n’imiyoborere ye yo mu myaka ya nyuma ku butegetsi, yanenzweho kuba yaranzwe n’ubutegetsi bw’igitugu.

Ishingwa rya FRN rije mu gihe Congo ihanganye n’ibibazo bikomeye bya politiki n’umutekano. Ubutegetsi bwa Tshisekedi bwanenzwe ku bijyanye no gusubiza inyuma demokarasi, igitekerezo cyo guhindura Itegeko Nshinga kugira ngo manda za Perezida zishobore kongerwa, ndetse no gukandamiza abatavuga rumwe na Leta.

Muri urwo rwego, hamaze igihe havugwa ko ibiganiro bya politiki ku rwego rw’igihugu bishobora gufasha gukemura ikibazo cy’intambara mu burasirazuba bwa Congo. Kuba Kabila ayoboye FRN bizongera ikibazo cyo kumenya niba agomba kwitabira ibyo biganiro.

Iyo ibiganiro bidashoboye gutanga umusaruro, hari ibyago by’uko impande zombi zakomeza kwizera ko intsinzi ya gisirikare ari yo yazifasha kubona imyanya ikomeye mu biganiro by’amahoro.

Ibyabaye nyuma y’igarurirwa rya Goma na M23 byerekanye ko impinduka ku rugamba zishobora guhatira ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa kwemera ibiganiro butari bwemeye mbere, birimo ibiganiro na M23 binyuze mu nzira ya Doha.

Kwinjira kwa Kabila muri iri huriro bishobora guhindura imiterere y’ubuyobozi bwa AFC/M23. Sultani Makenga, umuyobozi wa gisirikare wa M23, afite uruhare rukomeye mu buyobozi bw’uwo mutwe, Corneille Nangaa, wahoze ayobora komisiyo y’amatora muri Congo, na we yabaye isura ikomeye ya politiki ya AFC kuva mu 2023.

Kabila we azanye amateka yo kuba yarayoboye igihugu, imikoranire n’abanyapolitiki n’abasirikare, ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo kugira ijambo mu rwego rwa politiki. Ibyo bishobora kumuha imbaraga zirenze izari zisanzwe zifitwe n’abayobozi ba politiki ba AFC/M23. Kugaruka kwa Joseph Kabila mu ruhando rw’intambara ya Congo, binyuze muri FRN, guha AFC/M23 umuyobozi ufite amateka akomeye ya politiki kandi kugaragaza mu buryo bweruye intego yo guhindura ubutegetsi bw’igihugu, bigaragaza ko intambarayo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC ndetse na politiki yayo muri rusanze byafashe

Ba uwa mbere mu kumenya amakuru agezweho!!!