Alain Gauthier n’umugore we Dafroza Gauthier bashinze Ihuriro ry’Imiryango Iharanira Ubutabera ku Rwanda (Collectif des Parties Civiles pour le Rwanda – CPCR). Intego y’iri huriro ni ugukurikirana abakekwaho ibyaha bya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 batarabunishwa bakihishahisha hirya no hino mu bihugu bahungiyemo cyane cyane iby’i Burayi by’umwihariko mu gihugu cy’u Bufaransa.

CPCR yatanze ibirego byinshi byatumye habaho imanza zikomeye, nk’urubanza rwa Pascal Simbikangwa mu 2014, ari rwo rwa mbere rwabereye mu Bufaransa ku byaha bya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Mu 2017, Alain Gauthier n’Umugore we Dafroza Gauthier bahawe Umudali w’Ishimwe witwa “Igihango” na Nyakubahwa Perezida Paul Kagame, nk’ishimwe ry’ubwitange bwabo mu kurinda ukuri no guharanira ubutabera. Imvaho Nshya yaganiriye na Alain Gauthier. Ikiganiro kirambuye muragikurikira muri iyi nkuru.

Mushobora kutwibwira, mukanadusobanurira isano yihariye mufitanye n’u Rwanda?

Nitwa Alain Gauthier, ndi Perezida w’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango Iharanira Ubutabera ku Rwanda (CPCR), twashinze hamwe n’umugore wanjye Daphroza mu mwaka wa 2001. Ariko amateka yanjye n’u Rwanda yatangiye kera cyane, kuko hagati ya 1970 na 1972 nari umwarimu mu Iseminari nto ya Save, hafi y’i Butare, ari na bwo namenye u Rwanda muri icyo gihe cy’imyaka ibiri. Nyuma, ku bw’amahirwe nongeye guhura na Daphroza wari uvuye mu Burundi aho yari yarahungiye, akaza i Burayi asanze musaza we i Bruxelles.

Binyuze ku nshuti twari duhuriyeho twese, twarongeye turahura, ubwo ni bwo amateka yacu yatangiye mu 1974. Mu 1977, ni bwo twafashe icyemezo cyo kubana nk’umugabo n’umugore. Kuva icyo gihe, nagiye ngaruka kenshi mu Rwanda ndi kumwe na Daphroza ndetse n’abana bacu. Uyu munsi ndi hano nk’umukuru w’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango Iharanira Ubutabera, umuryango twiyemeje gushinga mu Bufaransa kugira ngo abantu bakekwaho kugira uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi baba ku butaka bw’u Bufaransa bashyikirizwe ubutabera. Ngiyo muri make isano mfitanye n’u Rwanda.

Wowe n’umugore wawe, mwahariye igice kinini cy’ubuzima bwanyu guharanira ubutabera bw’abagizweho ingaruka na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Ni iki cyabateye izo mbaraga?

Kwiyemeza gukorera muri iri huriro no gufata icyemezo cyo gushinga uyu muryango byaturutse, mu by’ukuri, ku rubanza rwa mbere rwitiriwe ‘abanyabutare’ rwabereye mu Bubiligi muri za 2001. Daphroza akomoka i Butare, kandi abantu bashinze ihuriro ryo mu Bubiligi bari inshuti zacu, cyane cyane Gasana Ndoba, cyangwa François Sebatasi, musaza wa Daphroza. Ni yo mpamvu twakurikiranye urwo rubanza, maze ku munsi w’isomwa ry’urubanza, izo nshuti zacu ziratubwira ziti: “Mwebwe se, murimo murakora iki mu Bufaransa?”

Mu by’ukuri nta gisubizo twari dufite muri ako kanya. Kuva mu 1996, twari twarakusanyije ubuhamya bw’abarokokeye kuri Sainte-Famille, kuko mubyara wa Daphroza na we yari mu baharokokeye. Twari twarakusanyije ubwo buhamya, ariko ntitwari tuzi neza icyo twabukoresha.

Twari twarabuhaye umunyamategeko w’Umufaransa wari warakurikiranye urubanza ruregwamo Padiri Wenceslas Munyeshyaka, ariko ni aho byagarukiye. Bityo muri 2001, nyuma yo kugaruka i Buruseli, twashinze Ihuriro ry’Imiryango Iharanira Ubutabera ku Rwanda. Twatangiye twiyandikisha nk’abaregera indishyi mu manza nyinshi n’ibirego byinshi byari byaratanzwe hagati ya 1995 na 2001 birega Padiri Munyeshyaka, Laurent Bucyibaruta, Sosthène Munyemana, Laurent Serubuga, Cyprien Kayumba na Fabien Neretse.

Mu myaka mike yakurikiyeho, twatangiye gutanga ibirego byacu bwite no gukora iperereza ryacu bwite hano mu Rwanda. Kuva mu 2001, twatanze ibirego bigera hafi kuri mirongo ine, bimwe byarakemutse, ibindi ntibyakemuka, hari n’ibigifitwe n’abacamanza bakiri mu iperereza.

Imyaka ibaye 32 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ibaye, kuki ari ingenzi cyane gukurikirana abagikekwaho kuyigiramo uruhare bahunze?

Ntekereza ko abarokotse jenoside nta kindi badusaba kitari ubutabera. Mu by’ukuri, ni cyo kintu cyonyine gisigaye kuri bo. Kandi icyo kintu ni twe tugomba kukibaha, kuko abantu benshi, abakoze Jenoside benshi bahunze u Rwanda, hari abagiye banyura mu bihugu bitandukanye bya Afurika nka Kenya, Uganda, ndetse n’ibindi bihugu byinshi bya Afurika y’Iburengerazuba, nyuma baza kugera mu Bufaransa.

Twatekereje ko ari inshingano yacu gukora ibishoboka byose ngo duhe ubutabera abarokotse Jenoside, tubasubize icyubahiro bambuwe kubera kubura ababo. Ni yo mpamvu ntekereza ko ari ingenzi, ari na ngombwa gukomeza uru rugamba, tuzagerageza kururwana igihe cyose tuzaba tukibishoboye. Ariko nk’uko mubibona, uko imyaka igenda iza, tugenda tubona ko umurimo wacu ufite igihe ntarengwa.

Tuzi kandi ko nyuma y’imyaka 32, n’abakoze Jenoside ubwabo bagenda basaza, kandi biragenda birushaho kugorana kubakurikirana mu nkiko. Ariko tuzabikora igihe cyose tukibishoboye.

Kugeza ubu, CPCR imaze kugeza dosiye cyangwa imanza zingahe imbere y’ubutabera bw’u Bufaransa?

Nkuko nabivuze twari twatanze ibirego bigera hafi kuri mirongo ine. Kuva icyo gihe, abantu babiri cyangwa batatu bagombaga gukurikiranwa n’ubutabera barapfuye. Bityo, dosiye zabo zarirangije ubwazo.

Hari n’imanza zimwe zanzuwe ko hatakomeza iperereza, ni ukuvuga ko abacamanza bashinzwe iperereza, nyuma yo gukora iperereza ryabo hano mu Rwanda binyuze mu bufatanye bw’ubucamanza, basanze nta bimenyetso cyangwa ubuhamya bihagije byatuma bakomeza gukurikiranwa mu nkiko. Bityo hakaba harafashwe icyemezo cyo guhagarika izo dosiye.

Navuga ko izwi cyane muri zo, tuzanayigarukaho, ari iya nyuma. Ni urubanza rwa Madamu Agathe Kanziga Habyarimana. Izindi nyinshi muri izo dosiye ziracyafitwe n’abacamanza bashinzwe iperereza.

Ku bijyanye na Agathe Habyarimana, twatanze ikirego cye muri Gashyantare 2007. Kubw’impamvu umuntu ashobora kwiyumvisha, nubwo nta bimenyetso bya politiki cyangwa ibindi bifatika dufite, ni iperereza ryatinze cyane, imyaka n’imyaka.

Byageze mu mwaka ushize, muri Gicurasi 2025, aho abacamanza bashinzwe iperereza mu Bufaransa bafashe icyemezo cyo kudakomeza kumukoraho iperereza, bivuze ko badashaka ko Agathe Habyarimana agezwa imbere y’ubutabera bw’u Bufaransa. Natwe, birumvikana, twahise dufata icyemezo cyo kujurira. N’ubushinjacyaha bw’u Bufaransa na bwo bwarajuriye, kandi kuri twe ni ingenzi cyane.

Twifuza ko icyo cyemezo kitaba umwanzuro, kuko twumva ko iperereza ryakozwe ku byamuregwaga ritari ryuzuye. Turacyategereje icyemezo cya nyuma. Ariko, kuri twe ni dosiye ifite uruhare rukomeye cyane mu rugamba rwacu rwo gushaka ubutabera.

Muri izo manza, ni uruhe rwagukoze ku mutima cyane kurusha izindi, haba ku ruhande rwa muntu ndetse no ku rwego rw’ubutabera?

Biragoye kuvuga neza urubanza rwadukoze ku mutima kurusha izindi. Ahari navuga ko ari urwa mbere, urwa Pascal Simbikangwa, mu 2014, nyuma y’imyaka 20 Jenoside ibaye, kuko rwari rwo rwa mbere.

Ariko ndibwira ko hari n’izindi. Cyane cyane urwa Dr. Eugène Rwamucyo, na rwo ni ikirego cyo muri 2007, niba nibuka neza. Impamvu ni uko Dr. Eugène Rwamucyo, wari umuganga mu kigo nderabuzima cya Butare, yari umuntu ufite ingengabitekerezo ikomeye cyane.

Yashinjwaga gutanga amabwiriza yo gushyingura vuba vuba, hakoreshejwe imashini icukura imyobo, imirambo myinshi y’abazize Jenoside, bakayishyira mu mva rusange zigera ku icumi muri Butare no mu nkengero zaho. Kuko hari haje imashini ivuye i Kigali yacukuraga imyobo minini, hakajugunywamo imirambo, ndetse bishoboka ko n’abandi bari bakiri bazima, bajugunywaga muri iyo myobo. Kandi Rwamucyo ni we wagenzuraga icyo gikorwa cyo gushyingura iyo mirambo.

Muri icyo gihe kandi, mu iperereza ryacu, twasanze hari ijambo yavuze ari kumwe na Minisitiri w’Intebe Jean Kambanda, ijambo rishyigikira ubutegetsi bwakoraga Jenoside. Kuri twe, yari umuntu ukomeye mu bo twakurikiranye. Yashoboraga no gutoroka ubutabera bw’u Bufaransa, ariko kenshi nsubiramo inkuru y’uko twamubonye mu Bufaransa.

Byari muri Mata 2002. Yitabiriye inama yateguwe n’abahakana Jenoside i Paris, mu cyumba cya Sena y’u Bufaransa. Kandi nanjye nari natumiwe.

Naje ndi kumwe na Servilien Sébasoni, inshuti yanjye izwi cyane hano mu Rwanda. Maze numva amagambo y’abahakana Jenoside yavugwaga n’abari bitabiriye bose, natangiye gutinyuka kubabaza ibibazo. Bityo abantu bose batangira kwibaza bati ‘uyu Muzungu ni nde?’

Muri icyo gihe ntago twari tuzwi cyane. Hanyuma hari umuntu wari imbere yanjye wahagurutse, areba inyuma, aravuga ati: ‘Uwo Muzungu ndamuzi. Ibyo azi ku Rwanda byose yagiye abibwirirwa mu buriri. Birumvikana ko ubwo butari uburyo bwiza bwo kumvugamo. Nanjye ndamubaza nti: ‘Sébasoni, uzi uyu mugabo?’ Aransubiza ati: ‘Yego, ni Docteur Rwamucyo.’

Ni ho twahereye dukora iperereza, tubona ko ari umuganga mu kigo gishinzwe kurwanya uburozi muri Lille, mu majyaruguru y’u Bufaransa. Twaje mu Rwanda, dukora iperereza. Nyuma y’amezi make, n’ingendo nyinshi, twahise tumutangira ikirego.

Amaherezo, yagejejwe imbere y’Urukiko (Cour d’assises). Yaciriwe urubanza bwa mbere, muri 2024 yahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka 27. Yarajuriye. Urubanza rw’ubujurire ruzaba vuba aha, mu byumweru biri imbere, kuko kuva ku wa 9 Kamena kugeza ku wa 17 Nyakanga, azongera kuburanishwa mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire i Paris. Ni uru rubanza mvuzeho, ariko hari n’izindi.

Hari urwa Laurent Bucyibaruta, wahoze ari Perefe wa Gikongoro. Hari n’urw’umujandarume w’i Nyanza, Philippe Hategekimana uzwi nka Biguma, wahawe igihano cya burundu. Hari kandi n’abayobozi babiri ba komini ya Kabarondo, Octavien Ngenzi na Tito Barahira, na bo bakatiwe igifungo cya burundu.

Izo ni zimwe mu manza… buri rubanza ruba rufite umwihariko warwo. Hanyuma na byo tubibona mu buryo butandukanye bitewe n’abatangabuhamya baza. Kandi ni uko natwe ubwacu tubibona. Ntekereza ko kugeza ubu habaye imanza zigera kuri 12, abantu 8 bakaba baraburanishijwe kandi barakatirwa. Hari n’izindi zizaba mu byumweru no mu mezi ari imbere.

Ba uwa mbere mu kumenya amakuru agezweho!!!